へ details
to; toward — points a movement at where it is headed
この電車は空港へ行きますか。
kono densha wa kuukou e ikimasu ka.
Does this train go to the airport? neutral
お母さんへ、いつもありがとう。
okaasan e, itsumo arigatou.
To Mum — thank you for everything. casual
- adnominal
Examples
direction — へ aims the movement at a goal without claiming it was reached
この電車は空港へ行きますか。
kono densha wa kuukou e ikimasu ka.
Does this train go to the airport? neutral
そろそろ会場へ向かおうか。
sorosoro kaijou e mukaou ka.
Shall we head for the venue soon? casual
詳しい資料はのちほどご自宅へお送りいたします。
kuwashii shiryou wa nochihodo go jitaku e o okuri itashimasu.
We will send the detailed materials to your home address later. formal
the addressee — へ heads a letter, a parcel or a dedication with the person it is meant for
お母さんへ、いつもありがとう。
okaasan e, itsumo arigatou.
To Mum — thank you for everything. casual
Formation
{N}へattaches to noun
Variant notes
- への — への is the の-form に has no way to make, so 母への手紙 works where ×母にの手紙 does not
Notes
Related patterns
Similar
Interchangeable on a verb of motion or transfer — 京都へ行く and 京都に行く are both ordinary — because へ names the direction taken and に the point reached; where に names a point, a time or the second argument a verb requires, へ is out (三時に, 先生に会う, 家にいる), and even arrival leans に (駅に着く).
に向かって marks orientation with no motion at all, which bare へ cannot — 窓に向かって座る is ordinary where ×窓へ座る is not, so a verb that only faces a direction rules out the bare particle.