dictionary form

〜べきだN3

should do; ought to do

〜しかないN3

have no choice but to do; nothing for it but to

〜よりほかないN3

nothing for it but to do; no course is left but

〜ことはないN2

there's no need to do; it's fine not to do

〜わけにはいかないN3

can't very well do — ruled out by the situation, not a rule

〜ことだN5

the thing to do is — blunt advice given as the obvious answer

〜まえにN5

before doing / before N; in front of N

〜ときN5

when; at the time of

〜さいにN3

upon doing; on the occasion of — a notable event or juncture

〜たびにN2

every time; each time — a recurring correlation, not a single event

〜までN5

until; as far as — the far end of a stretch it covers

〜までにN5

by the time; no later than — a deadline the action can't miss

〜ついでに

while you're at it; taking the opportunity to do; incidentally

〜とどうじにN3

at the same time as; the instant that — or, while also being

〜か〜ないかのうちにN3

no sooner does one X than — the first isn't even done yet

〜ところにN2

right when — at that exact moment something else cuts in from outside

〜ところだったN3

very nearly; came within an inch of — and it did not happen

〜にあたってN2

on the occasion of; in undertaking — a big step about to begin

〜にさいしてN2

at the time of; on the occasion of — for a big event

〜にさきだってN2

prior to; in advance of — a formal step before a big event

〜おりにN2

on the occasion of; when the opportunity arises — warmer than 際に

〜あいだN5

the whole time that; throughout — fills the whole stretch, start to finish

〜うちにN3

while the chance lasts; before the situation changes

〜とちゅうでN4

partway through; on the way — broken into before it was finished

よく〜N5

often; a lot — or, of manner rather than count, well/thoroughly

いつも〜N5

always; every time — a habit stated with no exceptions allowed

時々ときどき〜N5

sometimes; now and then — occasions that recur but stay in the minority

ずっと〜N5

the whole time; all along — one unbroken stretch, or comparison, by far

まだ〜N5

still; and with ていない, not yet — the situation has not flipped

また〜N5

again — the same thing happens one more time

もう一度いちど〜N5

one more time; once again — exactly one more go at it

すぐ〜N5

right away; immediately — no interval between the trigger and the act

そろそろ〜N5

about time to; soon — the right moment for it is almost here

これから〜N5

from now on; after this — the time that starts right now

まず〜N5

first; to begin with — the first step, before the rest

初はじめて〜N5

for the first time — the first of its kind, for someone

〜とN5

whenever; when — one thing automatically brings the next

〜ほどN4

the more you do X, the more Y — two things rising together

〜といいN4

I hope; it'd be good to — a wish, or a light suggestion

〜かぎりN3

as long as; unless — marks the outer edge of what stays true

〜ところだN4

just did; in the middle of doing; about to do

〜一方いっぽうだN2

only keeps happening — a one-way trend with no sign of stopping

〜ばかりだN4

only keeps getting worse; once ready, nothing's left but to do it

〜つもりだN5

intend to; plan to

〜よていだN4

be scheduled to; plan to

〜ことにするN4

decide to do — announcing a choice as one's own

〜ことにしているN4

make it a rule to do — a decision you still keep

〜ことになるN3

it has been decided that; it turns out that

〜ことになっているN3

it's the rule that — decided by someone else, still standing

〜ことができるN5

can do — ability or permission to do something

〜ことがあるN5

sometimes do — an occasional event, not a habit

〜もののN2

although — the fact stands, and it changes nothing that follows

〜ことにはならない

doesn't amount to — the fact stands, but its conclusion doesn't follow

〜ためにN4

in order to; for the sake of; because of

〜ようにN4

so that; in order that

〜のにN4

for -ing; (used/needed) to do — the purpose something is measured against

〜でしょうN5

probably; I suppose; right?

〜だろうN5

probably; I suppose (plain style)

〜かもしれないN4

might; may possibly

たぶん〜N5

probably; I think — a guess, offered with room to be wrong

きっと〜N5

surely; I'm sure — the speaker's confidence in an outcome not yet known

もしかしたら〜かもしれないN4

it may just be that; there's a chance — a long shot

〜はずだN4

should; ought to; is supposed to

〜はずがないN2

there's no way that; cannot possibly

〜みたいだN4

seems like; looks like; like

〜おそれがあるN2

there is a danger that; is at risk of (something unwelcome)

〜というものだN2

that's what you call X; that is simply what it amounts to

〜というものではないN2

it isn't simply that; that's not how it works

〜よりN5

than; compared to

〜ほうがN5

is more …; the … one of the two

〜ようにN3

as; just as — points back to something already said

ちょっと〜N5

a bit; slightly — a small degree, and in speech the all-purpose softener

少すこし〜N5

a little; a small amount — plain in tone, at home in writing

だいたい〜N5

roughly; more or less — an estimate, not offered as exact

〜だけN5

only; just

〜ばかりN2

nothing but; only ever

〜くらいN5

about; to the extent that

〜くらいならN2

rather than ... — the speaker settles for anything over the option named

〜ほどN3

to the point of ...; to such an extent that ...

〜ものがあるN2

there is a real X about it — you can just feel it

〜あまりにN2

so much so that — an extreme degree causes what follows

〜のN4

の — turns a verb, or everything up to it, into a noun

〜ことN5

こと — turns a verb or a whole action into a noun

〜のがすきN4

like doing

〜のがじょうず

good at doing

〜のがへた

bad at doing

〜なと言いわれる

I was told to; I was told that — the aimed-at person's words

〜ように言いうN2

tell someone to do — passed on in the reporter's own words

〜ものだN3

that's just how it is; you really should; used to do

〜ようになるN4

come to do; reach the point where

〜ようにするN4

make a point of doing; see to it that

〜ようにしている

try to do — a standing effort, kept only partly

〜中なかをN3

amid — a formal opener naming a state you carry on through

〜とともにN3

together with N; along with N — or: matching change in both

〜につれてN2

as N progresses, so does the other; in proportion to N

〜どころかN3

far from; not just X but even Y

〜どころではないN2

this is no time for; nowhere near just X

〜にすぎないN2

is no more than; merely

〜のみN3

only; nothing but (written)

〜にかぎるN3

nothing beats X; the best thing to do is X

〜にこしたことはないN2

nothing is better than X; the more/better X, the better

〜までもないN2

no need to go so far as to do; not worth doing

〜以外いがいにN3

other than; except for

どこかに〜どこかで〜N5

somewhere — どこ plus か, a place the speaker cannot or need not name

全然ぜんぜん〜

not at all — the far end of "not much"

〜だけでも

even just; at least — the smallest version of something, offered as enough

何なんでも〜いつでも〜どこでも〜誰だれでも〜N4

anything, anyone, anywhere, any time — takes in the whole set

〜ようでは

if that's how things are — then the outlook is bad

〜ものかN3

as if!; there's no way — a heated refusal, asked as a question

〜ことでN2

by doing — names the action that caused the result

〜に伴ともなってN3

accompanying N; as N happens, so does the other

〜ことなくN2

without ever doing X — written style, for something that never once happened

〜ごとにN2

every; each time

〜とおりにN4

just as; exactly like; in the way that

だんだん〜N5

gradually; little by little — a change that accumulates step by step

〜ことほどつらいことはない

nothing is as … as X — denies that anything reaches the benchmark

今いまに〜

before long; one of these days — an outcome treated as certain

〜ことN2

do — a rule or instruction set down in writing

〜ことは〜がN2

I do X, yes, but — the word is granted, the objection follows

まるで〜N3

just like; as if — false, and before a negative, not at all

ますます〜N2

more and more; increasingly — a trend already under way is pushed further

全まったく〜N2

not at all — or "utterly," before an already-absolute word

〜なN4

don't do it — a bare order, with nothing softening it

なんとか〜N2

somehow; manage to — an outcome reached against the odds

〜につけN2

whenever — the same feeling comes back each time

おそらく〜N2

in all likelihood — rates the odds instead of committing, in careful writing

次第しだいに〜N2

gradually; by degrees — a change that arrives in steps

そんなに〜

not that much — denies a degree just proposed; or bare, that much

そのうち〜N2

before long; sooner or later — a time ahead, left unpinned

ただ〜だけだN2

merely; nothing but — no more than what it is, said on purpose

〜といいのに

I wish it were so — said against a fact that is otherwise

〜ようにN3

see that you do it — closes the sentence, names nobody

〜ようになっているN3

is set up so that; is built to — a standing state